26. Metallic elements are more likely to lose electrons than nonmetallic elements because they form cations.
27. Since noble gas elements rarely lose or gain electrons, this suggests that they are unreactive and chemically inert.
28. Anion or cation?
- a. cation
- b. cation
- c. anion
- d. cation
- e. anion
- f. cation
- g. cation
- h. anion
29. Copper metal and copper (II) ions are more similar chemically than oxygen with a mass number 16 and oxygen with a mass number 18. The difference between the copper metal and ions is only the amount of electrons lost; however, the newly formed oxygen is a clear example of an isotope, a bigger difference.
30. The diameter of a calcium ion would be 205 pm because 154 + 256 / 2 = 205.
31.
- a. Change in color
- Chemical: rusting
- Physical: painting
- b. Change in temperature
- Chemical: burning
- Physical: boiling
- c. Formation of a gas
- Chemical: reaction of 2 elements
- Physical: evaporation
32. Identifying elements:
- a. Bromine
- b. Silicon
33. Mendeleev used atomic weight and in the fish kill, we also analyzed the mass changes of substances compared to the normal masses in attempt to solve the mystery.
34. In order to organize the periodic table according to atomic weight (like Mendeleev did), argon would need to go after potassium and cobalt would have to go after nickel.
2SBS #1-8 p. 151
1. Two resources found in each of the earth's 3 spheres:
- Atmosphere: nitrogen and oxygen
- Hydrosphere: water and dissolved minerals
- Lithosphere: petroleum and metal-bearing ores
2.
- a. 3 major parts of the lithosphere are the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is hard soil and rock with much of earth's minerals. The mantle is the middle of the lithosphere and the core is the inside of the earth that is very hot.
- b. The crust
3. Nation producing the most:
- a. Silver: Mexico
- b. Copper: Japan
- c. Tin: China
4. China produces the largest masses of the 8 listed resources in the table.
5. Minerals differ from ores because while minerals are naturally occurring solid compounds containing the element or group of elements of interest, ores are naturally occurring rocks or minerals that can be mined and are profitable to extract a metal or other metal.
6. Many factors can determine the possibility of mining a particular metallic ore at a certain cite including the percent of metal in the ore, the type of mining and processing used to extract the metal from the ore, and the environmental impact of the mining and metal processing.
7. A 19th century gold mine that was inactive for 100 years and recently reopened for further mining possibly because more gold was created, also creating a high demand.
8. "Useful ore" means the quantity (typically represented in percent) of the mined mineral.
6. Many factors can determine the possibility of mining a particular metallic ore at a certain cite including the percent of metal in the ore, the type of mining and processing used to extract the metal from the ore, and the environmental impact of the mining and metal processing.
7. A 19th century gold mine that was inactive for 100 years and recently reopened for further mining possibly because more gold was created, also creating a high demand.
8. "Useful ore" means the quantity (typically represented in percent) of the mined mineral.
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